The Effect of Eastern Tent Caterpillar (Malacasoma americanum) Infestation on Fall Webworm (Hyphantria cunea) Selection of Black Cherry (Prunus serotina) as a Host Tree

2005 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly J. Travis
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Eastern Tent Caterpillar ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Tent Caterpillar ◽  
Selection Of

EFFECTS OF LEAF AGE AND POSITION ON LARVAL PREFERENCES OF THE FALL WEBWORM, HYPHANTRIA CUNEA (LEPIDOPTERA: ARCTIIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Barbosa ◽  
Jane Greenblatt
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Fall Webworm

The fall webworm Hyphantria cunea Drury is a polyphagous lepidopteran which has been recorded on over 200 host species. In New England, although it occurs on a large number of species, the most frequently exploited host is black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh.

Age-Specific Host Utilization in the Eastern Tent Caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Rieske
Keyword(s):  
Black Locust ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
White Pine ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Conium Maculatum ◽  
Eastern Tent Caterpillar ◽  
Tent Caterpillar

Larval growth and survival of the eastern tent caterpillar, Malacosoma americana F., was assessed on its preferred host, black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrhart), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.), white oak (Quercus alba L.), and white pine (Pinus strobus L.), and on the herbaceous biennial poison hemlock (Conium maculatum L.). Larvae grew largest and had the greatest pupation and survival rates when fed black cherry and white oak. They did not grow well on black locust or white pine, but survival rates were relatively high, suggesting that both plant species could potentially serve to sustain tent caterpillar populations. Growth and survival was so low on hackberry and poison hemlock that they pose little chance of sustaining outbreaking caterpillar populations.

Reactions of Larvae of the Eastern Tent Caterpillar, Malacosoma americanum (F.), and of the Spotless Fall Webworm, Hyphantria textor Harr., to Pentatomid Predators

1950 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Sullivan ◽  
G. W. Green
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Malacosoma Americanum ◽  
Eastern Tent Caterpillar ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Tent Caterpillar

During recent field studies of the behaviour and activiw of larvae in colonies of M. americanum and H. textor, it was noticed that nymphs and adults of Podisus placidus (Uhler) and of P. modestus (Dallas) frequently visited colonies of the eastern tent caterpillar and occasionally those of the spotless fall webworm. Although small larvae, particularly those of the tent caterpillar, fell prey to both nymphs and adults, larvae of the fifth and sixth instars occasionally exhibited special reactions.

scholarly journals Non-Chemical Control of Some Important Pests of Sweet Cherry

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav Andreev ◽  
Hristina Kutinkova ◽  
Konstantinos Baltas
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Paecilomyces Fumosoroseus ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Potassium Soap ◽  
Fall Webworm

Non-Chemical Control of Some Important Pests of Sweet CherrySome non-chemical insecticides were tested for efficacy of control of fall webworm,Hyphantria cunea(Drury), and of cherry weevil,Rhynchites auratus(Scop.) in the laboratory and black cherry aphid,Myzus cerasi(Fabr.) under field conditions. Hendreson & Tilton formula was applied for evaluation of efficacy. NeemAzal T/S (azadirahtin) at the concentration 0.5% and Naturalis (Beauveria bassiana) used at 0.2% or 0.3% have shown the best results against black cherry aphid. Good results were also obtained with Pyrethrum FS (pyrethrin + sesame oil + soft potassium soap) used at 0.05% or 0.1%, with NeemAzal T/S at 0.3%, PreFeRal WG (Paecilomyces fumosoroseus) at 0.2% and with Naturalis at 0.1%. The effect of PreFeRal WG, applied at 0.1% was unsatisfactory. Against the fourth instar larvae of fall webworm, excellent results were noted for Pyrethrum (0.05% and 0.1%) and Naturalis (0.1% and 0.2%). Very good effects were also obtained with the BMP 123WP (Bacillus thuringiensis), used in concentration of 0.1%. NeemAzal T/S - 0.5% had still good, albeit lower, efficacy. Against the cherry weevil only Pyrethrum FS was tested. This insecticide resulted in a very good efficacy, when used at the concentration 0.1% and still satisfactory - at 0.05%.

scholarly journals Effect of Prunus serotina Ehrh. Volatile Compounds on Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus sylvestris L.

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Halarewicz ◽  
Antoni Szumny ◽  
Paulina Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect

In temperate European forests invaded by Prunus serotina Ehrh. (black cherry), a reduction in the spontaneous regeneration capacity of Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) is observed. It could be caused by various factors, including allelopathic properties of this invasive plant. In this study the phytotoxic effect of P. serotina volatile compounds on P. sylvestris and the seasonal variation in this effect were assessed. Simple assays showed that volatiles emitted from P. serotina leaves significantly inhibited root growth of P. sylvestris seedlings. Their negative effect on stem growth was much weaker. The strongest phytotoxic effect on Scots pine seedlings was caused by the volatiles emitted from the youngest black cherry leaves. In fresh foliage of P. serotina, nineteen volatile organic compounds were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The dominant compound was benzaldehyde. On the basis of tests of linalool alone, it was found that this monoterpene present in the volatile fraction has a strong allelopathic potential and inhibits germination, root elongation and shoot elongation of pine seedlings. The results of our research suggest that volatile compounds from P. serotina leaves could limited survival of P. sylvestris individuals in the seedling phase.

Plasticity of nutrient accumulation patterns in diapausing fall webworm pupae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lvquan Zhao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Qiu ◽  
Alex S. Torson
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Diapause Incidence

Abstract The accumulation of nutrients during diapause preparation is crucial because any lack of nutrition will reduce the likelihood of insects completing diapause, thereby decreasing their chances of survival and reproduction. The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, diapause as overwintering pupae and their diapause incidence and diapause intensity are regulated by the photoperiod. In this study, we test the hypothesis that photoperiod influences energy reserve accumulation during diapause preparation in fall webworm. We found that the body size and mass, lipid and carbohydrate content of pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase were significantly greater than those of pupae with a relatively short photoperiod, and the efficiency of converting digested food and ingested food into body matter was greater in the short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae than the relatively short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae. We also observed higher lipase and amylase activities in short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae relative to the counterparts. However, no obvious difference was found in protein and protease in the pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase and short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae compared with the counterparts. Therefore, we conclude that the energy reserve patterns of diapausing fall webworm pupae are plastic and that short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae increase their energy reserves by improving their feeding efficiency and increase their lipid and carbohydrate stores by increasing the lipase and amylase activities in the midgut.

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